ABSTRACT
The impacts of climate change on water quality of water bodies are associated with the climatic extreme events (heavy rainfall and flood, heat, drought, wildfires, cyclones, hurricane, super storms) as the major drivers that require knowledge of understanding. Most research studies present the role of climate change in threatening water quality, risks on drinking water and contributions of catchment in water pollution, but less attention has directed to specific sensitive water quality parameters, appropriate methodologies, risks on ecosystem and managerial practice to reduce the impacts. This review highlight the of effect climate change on surface water bodies based on recent literatures on the impacts of climate change on water quality and promote practical opportunity for better management of these impacts. We conclude that consideration of climate change preparedness plan in catchments is the best option to adopt for minimization of climate change impacts on water quality of water bodies.
ABSTRACT
Sendo a chuva uma das variáveis climáticas de maior influência no meio ambiente, na economia e na sociedade, este estudo objetiva analisar a variabilidade climática de diferentes índices de chuva nos Estados do Rio Grande do Sul e de Santa Catarina. Foram utilizados dados diários de chuva de 32 estações hidrológicas, onde foram obtidos cinco índices de chuva. O coeficiente angular da Regressão Linear foi utilizado para analisar a tendência climática dos índices de chuva nas escalas sazonal e anual. Os meses seguintes foram definidos como representativos de cada um dos períodos sazonais: de dezembro a fevereiro (verão), de março a maio (outono), de junho a agosto (inverno) e de setembro a novembro (primavera). Desde meados do século XX, houve aumento na quantidade de chuva, no número de dias chuvosos e de forma mais discreta, no número e na intensidade dos eventos extremos de chuva, principalmente na primavera e no outono. Com a função de autocorrelação aplicada em algumas estações hidrológicas, foi encontrado uma periodicidade da chuva anual em torno de 3, 9-11 e 18 anos nas estações com as séries de dados mais extensas (Pomerode e Rio Negro).
As the rain of the climatic variables of greatest influence on the environment, economy and society, this study aims to analyze the climatic variability of different rainfall index in the States of Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina. Were used daily rainfall data of 32 hydrological stations, which were obtained five rainfall index. The angular coefficient of linear regression was used to analyze the climate trend of rainfall index in seasonal and annual scales. The following months were defined as representative of each of the seasons: December-February (summer), March-May (autumn), June-August (winter) and September-November (spring). Since the mid-twentieth century, there was an increase in the amount of rainfall, the number of rainy days and more discreetly, in the number and intensity of extreme rainfall events, especially in spring and autumn. With the autocorrelation function applied in some hydrological stations, was found a periodicity of annual rainfall of about 3, 9-11 and 18 years at stations with the longest data series (Pomerode and Rio Negro).